The Ethics Of An Ethical Leader - 822 Words

The study of ethics is fundamental to leadership effectiveness. Human relationships, our being, and roles in society influence morality by right and wrong, good and evil, or just and unjust actions. As a human relationship, leadership hallmarks power, influence, vision, obligation, and responsibility (Ciulla, 2003). These attributes can undermine or contribute to the success of the ethical and effective leader in education. Power is defined as the capability or ability to direct or influence the behavior of others, or the course of events. Ethical leaders consciously utilize the power that they are given with high regards to the margin of harm or benefit that others or the organization will endure. The vision of an ethical leader creates a clear and distinct direction by which the organization will follow. The mission of an ethical leader sets the path for a thriving organization with succinct and strategic goals. A specific vision of the future is usually tied to a successful and highly respected leader. Leaders have an obligation to communicate the ethical vision throughout the organization. This transference promotes unity, civility, understanding, and trust. Markie (1994) noted that educators are responsible for overlooking the important ethical dimensions of their work. In leadership, there are several interdependent dimensions which guide the practices of the ethical and effective leader. Each dimension of includes self-knowledge, discipline, and moralShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of An Ethical Leader1251 Words   |  6 Pagesherself in the mirror and see an honest, ethical person looking back at them. At the end of the day, my philosophy on ethics is simply Integrity is doing the right thing, even if nobody is watching. By Jim Stovall, American author. What does it mean to be an ethical leader? As I reflect back on the teachings and readings in this course I have learned that as an ethical leader it is important to focus on what is right and to lead with integrity. Ethical leaders realize it begins with them and thatRead MoreThe Five Business Ethics Myths Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesCommon Ethics Misconceptions Trevino Brown (2004) in Academy of Management Executives talked about the five business ethics myths. 1. It is easy to be ethical 2. Unethical behavior in business results from bad people 3. A formal code of ethics is the easiest way to manage them 4. Principled leadership revolves around your leaders 5. At one time, people appeared to be more ethical Pundits and business leaders say being ethical is straightforward when being ethical is complexRead MoreValues That Make An Ethical Business Leader972 Words   |  4 PagesThat Make an Ethical Business Leader Values and ethics are essential for any good business leader, but what exactly does it mean to have good values and ethics? Both are extremely broad terms, however they both are very relevant in business leaders. â€Å"Values can be defined as things that are important to or valued by someone. That someone can be an individual or an organization. Values determine what is right and what is wrong, and doing what is right or wrong is what defines ethics. To behave ethicallyRead MoreAnalysis of Leadership Ethics, by Lamar Odom 1176 Words   |  5 Pages Leadership ethics by Lamar Odom that basically examines whether doing the right thing is enough in leadership. The author examines this issue given that the behavior of leaders has been one of the most intriguing issues in today’s society and in order to provide insights on ethics in leadership. The title of the book provokes deeper thoughts in the minds of leaders even before they open the book to commence reading. The author of this book is a leadership and ethic consultant who has not onlyRead MoreThe Leader s Ethical Values Influence Leadership Style Essay1658 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscovered that ethics and leadership style are correlated? The leaders come from various industries for instance, public, private, government, and non-profit/for-profit. The leader’s ethical values influence leadership style. The research suggests that the transformational leadership style is established on deontological ethics whereas transactional leadership is based on teleologic al ethics. Leader values and transformational/ transactional leadership suggest that a divergent set of ethical values servesRead MoreRelationship Between School Results And School Leadership945 Words   |  4 Pagesleading advocates of usage of ethics and/or moral principles in the school administration. Sergiovanni (1986) and Starratt (1991) disseminated their adoption of moral and ethical perspectives to educational school leadership theory in their respective works, Moral Leadership: Getting to the Heart of School Improvement and â€Å"Building an Ethical School: A theory for Practice in Educational Leadership.† The following is further arguments of the significance of an ethical lens to school leadership andRead MoreEthical Ethics And Ethical Issues1180 Words   |  5 PagesEthical issues in organizations are inevitable and are always on the horizon. These ethical concerns can directly impact the overall health of an organization in both positive and negative aspects. In order to be prepared for the ethical issues that will arise and to create an organizational competitive advantage, an intentional focus and effective communication of the code of ethics must be incorporated as a part of strategic planning. Sherwin (1983) indicates the that the term ethics, â€Å"refers toRead MoreBusiness Ethics, Leadership, And Business Relationships972 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Ethics Samuel .A. Amah Columbia Southern University Abstract The reflection paper critically examines business ethics, leadership, and business relationships and how they are interrelated and contribute to an organization’s overall culture. Key highlights include; the impact of trade relationships within an origination, how different leadership style affect ethical practices, effects of ethics on the overall culture of an organization, writers approach to business ethics and theRead MoreEthics And Morality Are The Same Thing812 Words   |  4 PagesWhen discussing ethics, people often think ethics and morality are the same thing. But in order to understand ethical leadership, it can be beneficial to view these two concepts differently. One of the most important ethical philosophers of modern times has been John Rawls, who made a clear distinction between comprehensive moral systems and less comprehensive systems. The distinction can help better understand the idea of ethical leadership. To Rawls, the two differ in the following manner: †¢ ComprehensiveRead MoreHow Ethics Affects Business Relationships Within An Organization Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pages Business ethics, business relationships and leadership make immense contribution towards influencing an organization’s overall existing culture. They all play a key role in an organization s development, success, and achievement through various aspects. There are numerous ways in which business ethics, business relationships, and business leadership affect an organization’s culture. These impacts can have either positive or negative repercussions. Some of the ways through which the business culture

Packaging And Labeling Of Products - 1540 Words

Packaging and labeling of products have in the recent past become notably important especially in market due to the stiff competition as well as changing consumer taste and preferences. In Australia packaging and labelling is a core component of the modern lifestyle. Packaging is essential for numerous reasons for instance, protecting the products from any chemical, physical or microbiological infections. Additionally, packaging helps in advertising the product using the messages and information displayed on the package. Most of the consumers depend on the packaging of a product in order to make their purchase decision. A perfect package entails characteristics like, attractive, inexpensive light-weight, displays all the necessary information and it should be resistant to mechanical damages. Food packaging is the most sensitive area which requires proper packaging as well as labelling that meets all the above criteria. However, it is quite evident that most of the companies and outle ts dealing with sale of food stuffs in Australia have failed to meet these requirements. In the long run this level of negligence have resulted to consumers purchasing the wrong food stuffs and also making their purchasing decision more difficult as per their need and requirements. The primary objective of packaging and labelling is to helps the consumer understand the product’s ingredients since they have become more cautious about their health and feeding habits. Labelling is intended toShow MoreRelated A Study of Product Quality, Pricing, and Labeling Packaging 1951 Words   |  8 Pagesresponsible for the product they manufacture and distribute. This perspective will examine the ethical implications of product manufacturing concerning Product Quality, Pricing, and Labeling Packaging. In this paper, we will discuss each of these topics and show how each aspect of manufacturing has it’s own set of factors. One of the first major aspects of product manufacturing is Product Quality. The responsibilities of a business are simple. Develop a low cost, high quality product that withstandsRead MoreEthics in Food Labeling and Packaging1188 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Food Labeling and Packaging After seeing the ad on television or in the weekly grocer flyer, seeing the actual labeling on a product is what consumers have to make informed choices. What started out to be another form of advertising and last attempt to sell a product, food packaging and labeling has been regulated through the FDA and FDamp;C to require certain information. It was declared to be the policy of the Congress to assist consumers and manufacturers in reaching these goalsRead MoreLogistics : Inventory And Packaging1594 Words   |  7 PagesLogistics: Inventory and Packaging Inventory and packaging are a very important in the process of logistics. Inventory is a detailed list, record or report of things in a company possession, especially in the periodic survey of all goods and materials in stock. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods to transport, warehousing, logistics, sale and end use. Inventory is a very important process and may be one of the most important factor in logistics. It is so importantRead MoreThe Popularity Of Healthy Food And Poor Nutrition777 Words   |  4 Pages The most significant factor being the proliferation of claims on food packaging that gives a misleading picture of a products healthfulness. â€Å"Current food labeling practices include both actual misbranding and permissible but potentially misleading claims about the healthfulness of processed and non-processed foods.† (Pomeranz, 2013) Recent trends in marketing have shown an increased focus on naturalness claims on products with the hope of a higher consumer perception of naturalness. With theRead More Marketing Ethics Essay663 Words   |  3 Pagescorrect way to handle any given issue. Marketers face various types of ethical issues in their everyday marketing activities. Such marketing activities that require marketing managers to utilize their moral values ethically are advertising, packaging and labeling, and global marketing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Advertising is the most criticized of all micro-marketing activities (McCarthy 643). What is considered as unfair or deceptive advertising is very difficult to pinpoint, because times have changed and continueRead MoreUsing Local Resources: Mango-Hair Oil1079 Words   |  4 Pages Table of Contents The product chosen to be made, that uses local resources to make it, is a Mango Hair-Oil. The product Mango Hair-Oil is a product make from all natural resources from the Island of Jamaica. It has the mango fruit from the tree Mangifera. The hair-oil is all natural product, which has in the vitamin, vitamin A; which is used to fight against dandruff, add shine and strengthen the hair. It can be used as a leave in conditioner, a moisturizer, and scalp oil. Branding To getRead MoreMarketing Opportunities For Sales, Profitability, Growth And Market Share Essay1422 Words   |  6 Pagesincrease the profit because of the using agents promote the company’s products and services while travelling in the world will give the more sales. Not only that our product will be popular in world therefore more other companies would like to joint with Oliving company to get the products in high price. Marketing opportunity 2: Licensing †¢ Sales will be high because the company has the licensing and it will help to trust products and services which they provided. Last year the sales were $1.5 millionRead MoreCow Girl Essay739 Words   |  3 Pagescowgirl creamery needs another product strategy to make the situation better. Product quality can make a product better which can increase the price and could attract high-end customers to the company. Through better packaging, branding, and labeling the product value and quality will increase. Even though the quality of the product does not change, customers will definitely be attracted by the product faster than before with new packaging and labeling. Product packaging must be appealing in orderRead MoreCase Study : The Cooper Processing Company959 Words   |  4 PagesProcessing Company† MGT 309 Toni Walker 2/14/2015 Dr. Bilbrey Introduction Companies strive to choose not only the best marketing channels, but also the best profitable channel. A profitable channel can promote and successfully sell out of a product that might not otherwise turn a profit for their producers (New Charter University 2015). â€Å"The calculations from the cost accountant for the retail segment accounts were 60 percent of sales, and for the foodservice segment accounts were 40 percentRead MoreGmo Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesconsumption, manufacturers have not been required by law to label their products as so. What are the current laws on the labeling of GMOs? The current FDA labeling laws state that â€Å"food manufacturers may voluntarily label their food with information about whether the foods were produced using Bioengineering, as long as such information is truthful and not misleading† (FDA). Those who use GMOs feel protected by the current labeling system since they are not required to advertise that they do use genetically

Analysis of My Last Duchess and Ulyssis Free Essays

â€Å"My Last Duchess† is a vivid and striking monologue written in 1842. This poem represents the first part of the joint pieces called â€Å"Italy and France†. The poem consists of twenty eight rhyming couplets that are, in my mind, dominated by iambic pentameter. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of My Last Duchess and Ulyssis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Robert Browning main tool to use in the poem is breaking the lines for regular and irregular pauses. This tool makes the poem very easy and enjoyable to read, and creates easy conversational flow. The poem begins with the line â€Å"Ferrara†. The readers finds himself in a house of a very wealthy duke with a lengthy title and immense power. At the beginning of the poem we are shown that the duke represents the amazing specially made collection of art he possesses. We hear the voice of the main character when he and his guest stop next to the painting with the duke’s last wife. The narrator starts to describe the painting, though rapidly moving to the describing of the duchess herself. From his monolog it becomes obvious that the narrator considered his late wife to be also one of his possessions that were commissioned for him according to his will. From the very beginning of the poem the narrator is clear to be portrayed as a person depleted of morality and honesty. The poem shows corruption and wickedness of the speaker’s character with this presenting similar traits of the society of that time. The people then wanted to possess everything can be naturally possessed or not. In his poem â€Å"Ulysses† Tennyson transports us to the Victorian times. The poem structure is also a dramatic monologue. Throughout the poem Tennyson uses enjambment in order to reproduce the meaning and content of the poem which is that of sailing beyond death. Tennyson’s poem is deep and resonant, he uses high-sounding verse, particularly by setting different vowel sounds closely against each other. In the poem â€Å"Ulysses† the main character is a hero, a warrior and a famous Ancient Greek traveler. He refuses to sit behind and unwind. His whole life is concerned with traveling, taking on adventures, competing and battling, he simply rejects that a man can be an â€Å"idle king† (Davis). Both of the poems, ‘My Last Duchess’ by Robert Browning and ‘Ulysses’ by Alfred Lord Tennyson, are examples of dramatic monologues. As it was already mentioned above they both exclusively consist of the monologs of the protagonists. In both poems there are powerful noble men ruminating about past, though they are very different. What is also different are the poetic devices used in the poems to present these two main characters. The first difference between the main characters is the way they came into power and how they exercise it. The rich Italian duke has acquired all his riches from the â€Å"nine-hundred-years-old-name†. He was born with lengthy titles, in the family with already established name. In his life he never had to do anything to achieve some position. His whole life he went with the flow, expecting others to admire him and his name and follow his orders. On the contrary, Ulysses has earned his status of a hero after battling in Troy, where he showed his nobility and courage. He is respected by people not because his name tells enough for him and leads to common obedient admiring. They respect him because he is a warrior fighting for Greece. At it can be seen from the previous paragraph the characters of the duke and Ulysses are very different. Even though they both get killed at the end of the poems, the reads see that the ways they took death also says a lot about who they are. Wee see that Ulysses is killed as a hero, while the Duke of Ferrara’s killing is very far from being heroic. What is interesting is that the way the duke was killed was not even personal. Even for his death he gave out orders and expected the job to be done for him. How to cite Analysis of My Last Duchess and Ulyssis, Essay examples

Levels of Processing and Their Effect on Information Retention free essay sample

Memory and Self Assessment 2 Abstract One of humanities’ greatest strength is our capacity to learn, although not all methods of learning were created equal. If humanity is to continue to grow as a species our methods of learning must continue to grow and improve. This experiment illustrates how different methods of encoding can affect how information is retained. Nine hundred and ninety nine participants were presented with 26 pairs of words under both semantic and phonemic conditions and then tested to see how many they could recall. Participants were also asked to assess themselves prior to the experiment. It was found that most people overestimated their abilities and did not take into account the method of encoding. Memory and Self Assessment 3 Levels of Processing and their effect on Information Retention Do we perceive our ability to retain information accurately? Significant time and effort has been invested into researching memory and the effect the depth of processing has on the ability to recall words. Research has shown that semantic encoding has resulted in significantly better word retention than such as phonemic encoding (Craik Tulving 1975). When asked to estimate their ability to perform in tasks involving memory, the majority of people will not take the method of encoding into account and will estimate inaccurately (Dunning, Heath Suls 2004). The reason that semantic encoding has resulted in a better word retention than phonemic is due to the variation in the depth of processing. Sensory interpretations such as the sound or appearance of a word are processed at shallower levels and produce only shortterm recall. These levels are involved in phonemic encoding, for example grouping words together depending on how they sound, such as TRAIN and SPAIN. Deeper levels of processing concern the meaning of the word and result in a more long-term recollection. These levels are involved in semantic encoding, grouping words together depending on their meaning, CAT and DOG for example. The reason people estimate their ability to recall inaccurately could be one of a many. It could be that people feel the task simple and overestimate their ability or they could think the task difficult, when in reality it isn’t, and underestimate their abilities. Another reason could be that people aren’t aware of the theory behind the task and are unable to make an informed decision (Dunning, et al. 004) This experiment aims to demonstrate whether semantic or phonemic encoding yields a higher recall, and to investigate how accurate people are at estimating their abilities. The primary hypothesis of this experiment is that participants in the semantic condition, the deeper level of processing, will result in a higher percentage of words recall ed. The secondary hypothesis is that people aren’t aware of how the encoding process affects their ability to recall the words and so the estimations for both conditions will be the same. The tertiary hypothesis is that people will overestimate their abilities and so the predictions for both conditions will be higher than the given value. Memory and Self Assessment 4 Method Participants There were 992 first year psychology students that participated in the experiment. The age and gender of the students was not recorded. 518 students participated in the phonemic condition and 474 students participated in the semantic condition. Materials The experiment involved the use of a web browser on a computer; participant’s input was done with keyboard and mouse. 6 word pairs were used and six test word pairs. Procedure Participants were randomly assigned to either the phonemic or semantic condition. They were told to go to a computer open the web browser to the experiment, enter their name and select the condition they had been assigned. Participants were instructed in the experiment’s procedure and then asked to estimate the percentage of words they would be able to recall. They were then presented with a trial of six practice word pairs, presented one at a time for 30 seconds. Whilst the word pairs were visible, the participants were asked whether they agreed or disagreed, if the words rhymed or were in the same semantic category. After the participants selected they were given feedback about whether the answer was correct or incorrect. The participants then began encoding. During encoding participants were presented with 26 word pairs, one at a time for 30 seconds each. Participants then had to select whether they agreed or disagreed for each word pair. No feedback was given during encoding. Participants then began the recall phase. During the recall phase one word from each of the previous pairs was presented on the screen, all 26 pairs were presented one at a time, participants were asked to enter the partner word. During this phase there was no time limit and participants were not penalised for incorrect spelling. After this phase a result page opened, with a table indicating scores for each phase. Results The results illustrate that for both (Table 1) the phonemic and (Table 2) semantic conditions the mean actual recall score was lower than the mean estimated recall score. Participants in the semantic condition had a higher mean recall than participants in the phonemic condition. The Cohen’s d for this was 0. 61, which is a medium effect. The estimated recall for both conditions was similar, the participants in the phonemic condition having a slightly high mean, and Cohen’s d for this was 0. 09 showing this was a very small effect. Memory and Self Assessment 5 Table three shows the combined results of both conditions, it shows that the estimated recall is greater than the actual recall. The Cohen’s d for this effect was 1. 4 a very large effect. Table 1 Statistics for the Phonemic encoding condition Table 2 Statistics for the Semantic encoding condition Table 3 Statistics for both conditions combined Discussion It was found that participants in the semantic condition remembered on average 10% more word pairs than participants in the phonemic condition. This supports the hypothesis that deeper levels of processing lead to greater ab ility to retain information. It would then be a logical conclusion to say that semantic encoding leaves a more long-term memory. Since there was an almost negligible difference in the mean estimated recall between the two conditions, Cohen’s d supports this. It is reasonable to say that people were unaware of how the different levels of encoding would affect their ability to recall the word pairs. This supports the secondary hypothesis, which states there will be no difference in the estimates between the two conditions. The tertiary hypothesis is also supported; it was noted that people estimated their recall to be on average 28% higher than their actual recall. Which shows that people will Memory and Self Assessment 6 verestimate their ability to recall word pair. This could be due to the lack of information given in the task, for example a greater emphasis was placed on the first phase of the experiment. Alternatively people could have perceived the task as easy. This study has lead to similar findings such as those in Lewandosky and Hockley (1987). This study does differ in a few key aspects though, such as the introduction of a recall estimate. It is quite a sobering fact to know that people have such little knowledge of how different encoding conditions can greatly affect one’s ability to retain information. This experiment has only acted as introduction into the field, however further research into this area can lead to better teaching and studying methods. The experiment had a few limitations, the venue for the test for example, participants were not isolated and could talk during the experiment, and also there was a significant amount of background noise and other distractions. Participants were not well supervised during the experiment; it would have possible for some participants to cheat by recording the word pairs. To prevent this future experiments should isolate participants during the testing process and supervise them more vigilantly. I would also suggest that participants should be asked to estimate the percentage of words they can recall between phase 1 and phase 2, this should eliminate bias since some participants could have spent ore time trying to commit the words to memory knowing that they would have to recall them later. Another point of interest would be to look at the correlation between word pairs remembered and whether the participant agreed or disagreed with the particular word pair.

History of Fingerprinting Essay Example

History of Fingerprinting Essay Forensic science used in criminal justice has recently been revolutionized with new DNA technology, but fingerprinting is still the most valid and effective form of identification used in law enforcement today. Going back in the time of ancient Babylon, fingerprints and ridge patterns were used on clay tablets for business transactions and governmental procedures. By the 14th century, the fact that no two prints were alike was becoming more noticeable, thus the history of the fingerprint began.Noting the ridges, spirals, and loops in fingerprints, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, made no declaration to the value of personal identification, but began to point out the differences in fingerprint patterns in 1686. Then, in 1823, a professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau, John Evangelist Purkinji, discussed nine fingerprint patterns in a published thesis, but still did not take notice to the individuality of each print. It wasnt until 1856 that Englishman and Chief Magistrate, Sir William Hershel, used fingerprints on native documents.After gathering many prints, Hershel took notice to the fact that all the prints were unique and could prove identity from all those he made transactions with. Dr. Henry Faulds, the British Surgeon-Superintendent of Tsukihi Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, shared his studies with Charles Darwin in 1880, but Darwin, who was rather ill at the time, could be of no service to Faulds studies. Eight years later, Sir Francis Galton, a British anthropologist and Darwins cousin, began to study Faulds articles on fingerprint classification. Galton began to concentrate on linking fingerprints to genetic history and intelligence, but had no luck. Scientifically proving that fingerprints never changed during ones lifetime, Galton stated that the odds of two prints to be exactly the same were 1 in 64 billion. In 1901, Sir Edward Richard Henry revised

Free Essays on ‘The Argument For Breeding Licenses’

â€Å"God bless the child that’s got his own . . . that’s got his own.† â€Å"We could make that a society in which those who chose to produce new people knew what being parents must involve†, (Penelope Leach, bconnex.net/~cspcc/ daycare/wecould.htm). It is my proposal that we, the people who currently inhabit this planet, implement ‘Breeding Licenses’ for the betterment of the human race. Initially this may seem like an extreme and heartless course of action, but it is my objective to convey the importance, benefits, and caring that an execution of a law of this magnitude would entail. In today’s societies we are dealing with excessive violence, abuse, drug abuse, overpopulation and starvation, neglect, depletion of natural resources, general apathy, and world wide and individual dysfunction. It is all due to a cyclical succession of breeding more and more of the same species that has the knowledge of how to fix the problems of the world but not the knowing of where to begin. I suggest we begin at the base-root of the problem. We must start at the beginning. Start with the people. Teach them how to care for one another with more nurturing and understanding from the very beginning. The more of us brought into a dysfunctional world, the more dysfunction there will be thus creating more and more problems. We are perpetuating dysfunction. This is not a perfect world, and with every passing day it is becoming less and less so. The affects of this imperfect world are very stressful on everyone. On people who are trying desperately to make a better life for themselves or those who are trying to escape the adversity of their own little subsistence in any way possible. The hardships of every day life affects not only the adults, but of course our children as well. It is my belief that incorporating ‘Breeding Licenses’ will help to alleviate some of the strains on society. I believe that some of these per... Free Essays on ‘The Argument For Breeding Licenses’ Free Essays on ‘The Argument For Breeding Licenses’ â€Å"God bless the child that’s got his own . . . that’s got his own.† â€Å"We could make that a society in which those who chose to produce new people knew what being parents must involve†, (Penelope Leach, bconnex.net/~cspcc/ daycare/wecould.htm). It is my proposal that we, the people who currently inhabit this planet, implement ‘Breeding Licenses’ for the betterment of the human race. Initially this may seem like an extreme and heartless course of action, but it is my objective to convey the importance, benefits, and caring that an execution of a law of this magnitude would entail. In today’s societies we are dealing with excessive violence, abuse, drug abuse, overpopulation and starvation, neglect, depletion of natural resources, general apathy, and world wide and individual dysfunction. It is all due to a cyclical succession of breeding more and more of the same species that has the knowledge of how to fix the problems of the world but not the knowing of where to begin. I suggest we begin at the base-root of the problem. We must start at the beginning. Start with the people. Teach them how to care for one another with more nurturing and understanding from the very beginning. The more of us brought into a dysfunctional world, the more dysfunction there will be thus creating more and more problems. We are perpetuating dysfunction. This is not a perfect world, and with every passing day it is becoming less and less so. The affects of this imperfect world are very stressful on everyone. On people who are trying desperately to make a better life for themselves or those who are trying to escape the adversity of their own little subsistence in any way possible. The hardships of every day life affects not only the adults, but of course our children as well. It is my belief that incorporating ‘Breeding Licenses’ will help to alleviate some of the strains on society. I believe that some of these per...

Any subject in the criminal justce systre Essay

Any subject in the criminal justce systre - Essay Example Investigation usually marks the first step for a criminal case. The police usually perform this. In this regard, when a person is accused of offense, the police are usually required to carry out investigation to gather enough evidence, among them identifying the suspect in order to support an arrest. For instance, when an individual is confronted with robbers, the victim is usually required to report the matter to the law enforcement officers, who will then begin investigation based on the information provided by the victim (Burns, 2006). Search Warrant Usually, when the investigation officers are satisfied that there is probable cause for a crime, the law enforcement officers are required to seek for a search warrant, which permits them to search the premises. A probable cause in this case referred to the standard of proof indicating that there are enough facts on the ground showing that there is enough evidence of a criminal activity in a given place. Judges usually issue the search warrant, when they are satisfied that there is indeed probable cause. This implies that if the law enforcement officers fail to show enough evidence, then the police officer may be denied the right to carry out the search. However, a search warrant may not be needed under emergencies usually referred to as exigent ‘circumstances’ (Neubauer, and Fradella, 2010). During a search, the officers may interrogate witnesses, who might have been at the scene of the alleged crime

Public Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Public Economics - Essay Example (a) According to Segura and Braun (2004, p.34), â€Å"a club good is a particular case of public good, which has the characteristics of excludability and non-rivalry (or partial non-rivalry, depending on the congestion).† It could never be a pure public good nor pure private good because it has the characteristic of least partly ‘rivalrousness’ and ‘excludability.’ Therefore, the usage of this good is exclusive for the club members (voluntary) and not for the good of the public, because if a good is already consumed by one of the members, the others will lose the opportunity, and the benefits are kept away from non-members (Murshed, 2010, p.153). The non-members are not allowed to assess, join and cooperate in the group because club members’ priority is to gain maximum utility over the certain goods. In other words, club goods are not public goods but they are a ‘quasi-public’ or partial public goods, for they are only made availab le to two or more individuals, and restricted or protected from the outsiders consumption or non-members that did not contribute to the club’s creation (Brummer, 2008). ... See for instance, a single individual will not have the capacity and the resources to build a club on its own, because it will shoulder the cost of the construction as well as the maintenance. Also, even if he did, the enjoyment will be more appreciated if it is shared to two or more people as long as the number of members did not detract the enjoyment of the other group members. A theory of club goods is â€Å"intrinsically bound up with issues of inclusion and exclusion, and hence, how members are selected and non-members excluded. This implies some notion of discrimination† (Crawford, 2006, p.121). â€Å"The important point here is that many government services are closer to the characteristics of club goods (or at least they are impure public goods) compared to pure public goods, particularly at the local level† (Murshed & Tadjoeddin, 2008, p.7). One of these services is higher education or universities which can be seen as a club good particularly the rising of the student tuition fees (Sandler & Tschirhart, 1997, p.336). Education itself is a club good because whose benefits are non-rival and non-excludable, thus it can be shared without detracting the availability of opportunity to other individuals. However, because of the rising student tuition fees poorer students would not be able to obtain the offered benefits of higher education, although it gives access to disadvantage students (Kershaw, 2010). This education that based on financial and not on academic ability is some kind of a restriction in the entry of poor bright students in an elite institutions or this can be considered discrimination. Withdrawal of the public funding would only make

Global HRM (BUS 303) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global HRM (BUS 303) - Essay Example This impacts the HR planning in the domain of cultural diversity and cross cultural dimensions because the workforce in today’s world is highly consist of culturally diverse employees (Brewster and Harris). The implications of HRM in the context of Hoftede’s model of cultural dimensions become vast in the domain of humanistic and cultural diversity. The HRM managers are required to have knowledge regarding to every culture which exist in the workforce of organization including individualism and collectivism, power distance, orientation and gender dominance (Brewster and Harris). In Trompenaars’ model, several differences are illuminated in order to create a balance in the workforce which is the responsibility of HRM (Youssef). These differences include universalism and particularism, individualism and collectivism, specific and diffused, and inner directed and outer directed which varies from culture to culture. HRM managers in the international context must acknowledge these differences on certain circumstances in concordance with the culturally diverse workforce (Brewster and Harris). The GLOBE model proposes several cultural aspects which must be understood by international HRM managers and HR planning. These aspects include diversity in humane orientation, assertiveness, avoidance of uncertainty and performance orientation (Brewster and Harris). International HRM is the contemporary issue which mainly deals with the cultural aspects because of the incorporation of cross cultural workforce. Cultural studies and models must be implied by each HRM manager in conformity with the culture of its workforce by which the deliverance of successful HRM can be

The hydrogen bomb

The hydrogen bomb INTRODUCTION The Hydrogen bomb was first suggested by Edward Teller in 1942 but active work on it was pursued in the summer of 1942 by Oppenheimer,Teller,Los Alamos and others. The first thermonuclear bomb was exploded in 1952 atEnewetak by the United States, the second in 1953 by Russia (then the USSR). Great Britain, France, and China have also exploded thermonuclear bombs, and these five nations comprise the so-called nuclear club—nations that have the capability to produce nuclear weapons and admit to maintaining an inventory of them. Several other nations either have tested thermonuclear devices or claim to have the capability to produce them, but officially state that they do not maintain a stockpile of such weapons; among these are India, Israel, and Pakistan. South Africas apartheid regime built six nuclear bombs but dismantled them later. What is Hydrogen Bomb? Hydrogen bomb is based on nuclear fusion reaction and it deriving a large portion of its energy from the nuclear fusion of hydrogenisotopes. The hydrogen bomb functions by the fusion, or joining together, of lighter elements into heavier elements.The hydrogen bomb is also known as a thermonuclear bomb because extremely high temperatures are required in order to initiate fusion reactions. Hydrogen bomb is based on process called â€Å"Nuclear fusion†. Nuclear fusion is the process by which atomic nuclei join together to form a heavier nucleus. The fusion of two nuclei with lower mass thaniron generally releases energy while the fusion of nuclei heavier than iron absorbs energy. In the simplest case of hydrogen fusion, two protons have to be brought close enough for their mutual electric repulsion to be overcome by thenuclear forceand the subsequent release of energy. H2+H3⇒He4+n+Q Energy release Q=17.6 MeV Design of hydrogen bomb All thermonuclear weapons existing in the world today appear to be based on a scheme usually called the Teller-Ulam design†. It contain the Staged explosion of fission (primary) bomb and fusion (secondary bomb). The fusion bomb is triggered by rapid shock driven compression (Ulam) which is enhanced by radiation pressure (Teller) from released X-ray and ÃŽ ³-ray flux. Primary fision device contain :- core: U239 and U235 plus H2+H3 Booster shell: U238 Tamper High explosive lenses Secondary fusion device contain:- Radiation Channel U239 PU spark plug Li6 ,H2 ,H3 fusion cell U238 Tamper Design of modern Hydrogen-bomb Hydrogen bomb design is based on a bomb casing containing implosion fission bomb and a cylinder casing of U238 tamper). Within the tamper is the Li6 Deuteride fusion fuel and ahollow rod of Pu239 in the centre of the cylinder. Separating the cylinder from the implosion bomb is a shield of U238 and plastic foam that fills the remaining space in the bomb casing The detonation of the trigger bomb will cause the following sequence of events: The fission bomb implodes, emitting X-rays. X-rays heat the interior of the bomb and the tamper prevents premature detonation of the fuel. The heat causes the tamper to expand and burn away,exerting pressure inward against the lithium deuterate. The lithium deuterate is squeezed by about 30-fold. The compression shock waves initiates fission in the plutonium rod. The fission rod gives off radiation, heat and neutrons. The neutrons enter the lithium deuterate and generate tritium. The combination of high temperature and pressure is sufficient for tritium-deuterium and deuterium-deuterium fusion reactions to occur ,producing more heat, radiation and neutrons. The neutrons from the fusion reactions induced fission in the uranium 238 pieces from the tamper and shield. Fission of the tamper and shield pieces produced even more radiation and heat . The bomb explodes. USES AND APPLICATIONS Hydrogen bombs are used as weapons in many countries. Apart from their use as weapons,nuclear explosiveshave been also tested and used for variousnon-military uses. When long term health and clean-up costs were included, there was no economic advantage over conventional explosives. Synthetic elements such aseinsteiniumandfermium, created by neutron bombardment of uranium and plutonium during thermonuclear explosions, were discovered in the first thermonuclear bomb test. In 2008 the worldwide presence of new isotopes from atmospheric testing beginning in the 1950s was developed into a reliable way of detecting art forgeries, as all paintings created after that period contain traces ofcesium-137andstrontium-90, isotopes that did not exist in nature before 1945. An important aspect of fusion energy in contrast to many other energy sources is that the cost of production isinelastic. The cost of wind energy, for example, goes up as the optimal locations are developed first, while further generators must be sited in less ideal conditions. With fusion energy, the production cost will not increase much, even if large numbers of plants are built. It has been suggested that even 100 times the current energy consumption of the world is possible.Some problems which are expected to be an issue in this century such asfresh water shortagescan actually be regarded merely as problems of energy supply. For example, in desalinationplants,seawatercan be purified throughdistillationorreverse osmosis. However, these processes are energy intensive. Even if the first fusion plants are not competitive with alternative sources, fusion could still become competitive if large scale desalination requires more power than the alternatives are able to provide.Despite being technicallynon-renewable, fusion power has many of the benefits of long-term renewable energy sources as well as some of the benefits of the much more limited energy sources as hydrocarbons and nuclear fission. Like these c urrently dominant energy sources, fusion could provide very high power-generation density and uninterrupted power delivery. RESULT AND DISCUSSION In 1945 an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, it killed at least 70,000 Japanese and many were injured. It is assumed that the hydrogen bomb is 1000 times more powerful than an atomic bomb.[5] So if we use fusion power as source of energy rather than weapons then it should be more beneficial for us. Fusion power would provide much more energy for a given weight of fuel than any technology currently in use,and the fuel itself (primarilydeuterium) exists abundantly in the Earths ocean: about 1 in 6500 hydrogen atoms in seawater is deuterium.Although this may seem a low proportion (about 0.015%), because nuclear fusion reactions are so much more energetic than chemical combustion and seawater is easier to access and more plentiful than fossil fuels, some experts estimate that fusion could supply the worlds energy needs for millions of years. Therefore Hydrogen bomb has both advantages and disadvantages but if we use fusion power as energy source then it should be more beneficial for all of us.

Gay Marriage and Hawaii Sovereignty :: Politics Political Gays Hawaii Essays

"Lesbian/gay work sits on a lily pad. The lily pad is the foundation, the Kanaka Maoli struggle: the beautiful pink flower is the lesbian/gay work." —Ku’umeaaloha Gomes (1) â€Å"It’s a big industry, the exotification of Hawaii and its people, making it into every white man’s paradise. It’s nice now that we have ownership of our own stories.† —Lois-Ann Yamanaka (2) Hawaii is arrival. To arrive in Hawaii is to follow all of history, one group at a time. To the Kanaka Maoli, the people who first traveled in ancient times across the ocean in canoes and small boats from Polynesia, Hawaii was the promised land. It was the end of their pilgrimage, the land of powerful spirits and gods in need of worship. The Kanaka Maoli developed a complex society around this new land and these new spirits; a free society built around peace, love, and worship of one’s homeland. This way of life flourished for thousands of years, until the arrival of Christian missionaries in the 18th and 19th centuries declared their freedom evil, their nakedness vile, and their gods false. Christianity flooded the shores of the islands, pulling with it white entrepreneurs, who set up massive farms and plantations to take advantage of Hawaii’s unique agriculture, and Japanese workers for those plantations, with whom Christianity gained its strongest base in the i slands. Then came the political opportunists, who in less than one century pulled the Hawaiian monarchy up to its highest levels of Western pomp and circumstance, only to tear it down again with the overthrow of Queen Liliu’okalani in 1893 with help from the United States Government (who later annexed the island chain). Next came the arrival of the expatriates; the tourists; the haoles (whites) who saw Hawaii as nothing more than a tropical novelty or an escape from their stress-filled lives back on the mainland. Statehood came quickly in 1959, as did immigrants from the Phillipines and Korea. I came in 1995, with my haole military family, to a land that would become my adopted home the way it had for so many others. I found a land carved up like a puzzle; each person, each culture, each idea holding onto their piece with the will of God or gods. Today, there are many Hawaii’s. Depending on where you go, you can witness the poor, the rich, the privileged, the op pressed, the loud, the silent, the passive, and the active.